(All characters, organizations, and events in this drama are fictitious.)
It was you.
You turned over the evidence to Prosecutor Jin.
But I thought we were getting along.
Was it the guilt?
It's not what should fuel a lawyer.
This isn't about the conduct of lawyers.
It's about having a sense of humanity.
It's over now, and you should yield.
Sure.
If that's what you want, Mr. Oh.
However, anyone on a throne as high as mine...
sees and reads things without even trying.
One's gaze.
There. I give you permission to shoot.
I said it was all right.
Don't be chicken and shoot.
I'll let it be the end of me.
Again, this is fine.
Loosen your grip, will you?
What an endearing expression.
Anyway, I'm done messing around.
Phones.
I know you're recording this.
I must have terrible aim.
All right.
I hear you.
Are you sure you have time for this?
Shut it and stay still.
Oh Do Hwan.
Why?
Anything can be bought with money.
If one says otherwise,
it's only because the money wasn't enough.
Choose wisely, Prosecutor Jin.
He'll die if you don't help him.
(Bad Prosecutor)
(Final Episode)
Hey, are you awake now?
Hey!
What?
I see you came prepared.
Had I known, I would've let you die earlier.
Rather than babbling, I'd focus on untying this.
Can't you see they're about to drown us?
I get it, okay? Just untie us!
Untie us, darn it!
Can you believe him?
Untie it yourselves.
- What... - I bid farewell.
- Hey. - Let's grab a bite to eat.
In 1, 2, 3.
In 2, 3.
In 1, 2, 3.
- We're good. - Can you get it?
- Yes. - Good.
I got it.
What?
Hey!
Do you know how to throw a punch?
I'm probably better than you.
Don't get in my way then.
Hey, I told you to untie us. Darn it.
- Hey! - You jerk.
Hey, are you okay?
I thought you knew how to throw a punch.
Well, not when some guy keeps getting in my way. Darn it.
Get up.
Mr. Oh Do Hwan?
Is he hurt badly?
The doctor said he was okay.
I'm sorry I didn't tell you about Mr. Oh in advance.
Do you have a plan?
Now that I saw it with my own eyes, I must go after it.
Seo Hyun Kyu's archive.
You'll empty out his archive...
and disclose it to the public?
I need a court order to seize the files.
So we can use the files as evidence...
when we make Seo Hyun Kyu stand trial.
The problem is we don't have any grounds to request a warrant.
You two are the only ones who saw what was inside.
What if all of us can see everything inside the archive?
(Analysis Report)
This is about the fire accident Mr. Park's family was in.
(Cause of death: Asphyxia due to compression of the neck)
This wasn't an accident?
Someone poured gasoline on their car and set it on fire...
after putting his wife and son who couldn't breathe in the car.
This is the proof.
Where on earth did you get this...
(Prosecutor Park Jae Kyung)
(Prosecutor Park Jae Kyung of Central District Office)
Now that the location of the archive is revealed,
Seo Hyun Kyu will try to move the files for sure.
Please put a rush on this.
We might not get another chance to bring him down.
We'll strike once and make it count.
This is where it gets real.
(Search and seizure warrant)
(Name: Seo Hyun Kyu)
(Books)
(Cargo)
Ma'am, he beat us to it.
Okay. Thank you.
It's just as we expected.
It was emptied out.
I'm sure someone must have tipped off Seo Hyun Kyu.
I saw that coming.
Did you say it was a truck?
Are you sure the truck will pass here?
This is the only road leading up from the old bookstore.
Chul Ki said the truck left ten minutes ago.
There it is.
What was that?
Stay in the car.
What's your problem?
What?
You little...
(91 AH 2545)
Go.
He's being sly.
Let's reach out to the Traffic Division.
We can check the surveillance footage.
We might be able to find the route.
There's no need.
Let's follow them now.
How?
Gosh. I doubt this was what they had in mind when making this app.
By the way,
who are you tracking?
Who do you think?
Are you all right?
Do I seem okay to you?
Seriously. I'm not some package. Come on.
What's this?
A chamber pot.
This can?
Look how small the opening is.
Chul Ki. Look at the opening.
Look how small it is. Listen.
Are you asking me to really pee in there?
Or are you asking me to put on a circus?
I need a plastic bottle. Like one of those energy drinks.
Hey! Come on.
You guys have gone way too far!
You little... Give me a plastic bottle!
(Cargo)
This is Agent Ko.
I've penetrated the enemy line.
Okay.
All right. I've got nothing to say now.
You can meet up with Chul Ki and meet me there.
It'll get dangerous from here. So I'll go alone.
Prosecutor Jin.
Yes?
Be careful.
You too. See you later.
(Cargo)
Hurry.
Let's hurry.
Gosh. Why is it so heavy?
Hold on.
Are we there yet?
Are you all right?
Sorry. I put you through a lot.
You...
But I'll make them pay.
Stop him!
You little...
Take that!
Prosecutor Jin is here.
That tenacious jerk.
What should I do?
I don't think we have a choice.
Mr. Seo must be busy these days.
I'm still working for Law Firm Kangsan.
Lawyer Oh, I...
Mr. Kang Shin Jo.
You're fired.
I was wondering when you would show up.
Actually, I got here a while ago.
I just didn't want to be bothered.
That's so you.
Hey, Joong Do. Are you okay?
Do I look like I'm okay?
You jerk.
Your friends are coming.
How come you always arrive when it's done?
Gosh, I'm exhausted.
- Are you okay? - I'm okay.
Did you eat?
If you didn't eat yet, have a bowl of noodles.
They make great noodles here.
Help yourself.
It's going to be your last meal outside.
What are you going to do with me?
There's no legal force if you gathered evidence...
without a warrant.
Pulling a trick using the law...
isn't only for the bad guys.
Criminal law, Article 218.
"If someone's caught in the act..."
"or if it's submitted by someone at the crime scene,"
"can be seized without a warrant."
The secret documents you were moving by Mr. Seo Hyun Kyu's order.
Thank you for submitting them.
Give them to me.
Thank you, Mr. Whistle Blower.
Let it go if you don't want to die.
Gosh.
Goodness.
(Warrant for Immediate Arrest)
Get up. I'll pay for your meal.
Don't think that you have won.
Of course not. I haven't even started yet.
Brace yourself...
for the surprises to come.
(HR Announcement)
Your suspension was lifted.
The investigation into me and the other inspectors ended too.
(Prosecutor Jin Jung, Criminal Division 3)
I think people are turning their backs on Seo Hyun Kyu.
Who is the prosecutor for Seo Hyun Kyu's case?
Criminal Division Three, Central District Prosecutors' Office.
Prosecutor Jin Jung.
October 28, 2022.
Case number, B761.
Seo Hyun Kyu from Law Firm Kangsan.
The trial for the fabrication of cases...
and attempted murder will begin.
The prosecution can now summarize the case.
(Prosecution)
(Defendant)
Your Honor.
Over the past few years,
Defendant Seo Hyun Kyu has been manipulating...
the cases that accused people in the political and business world.
He has been coquetting the judicature systems...
and acquiring ill-gotten profits.
He took advantage of his clients...
by using their suspicions and weaknesses...
and enjoyed absolute power.
Defendant Seo Hyun Kyu turned...
a third party, who had nothing to do with the case, as the defendant...
and put him on trial.
He incited the murder of Deputy Chief Prosecutor Lee Jang Won...
to cover up his weaknesses and crimes.
He framed the prosecutor who was investigating the case.
(Warrant for Immediate Arrest)
The situation had gotten worse,
so he tried to kill that prosecutor.
To hide the evidence of the crime...
and the documents about the fabrication in the archive,
he even tried to kill someone by himself.
The prosecution wishes to indict Seo Hyun Kyu...
under the following articles.
Criminal law, Article 283, coercion.
Article 155, destruction of evidence.
Article 314, obstruction of business.
Article 326, obstruction of exercise of a right.
Article 254, attempted murder.
Article 250, murder.
Article 1-31, inciting a murder.
I prosecute a case for these seven suspicions.
(Defendant)
The defendant...
(Judges)
didn't appoint a lawyer.
Right.
I'll represent myself.
(Judges)
Okay.
The defendant may defend his case.
The defendant will deny...
all the charges of the prosecution.
(Prosecution)
We will now begin questioning the witnesses.
(Judges)
The witness now may enter.
What relationship do you have with Seo Hyun Kyu?
From the time when I was a prosecutor...
to the time when I became the district head prosecutor,
I've been his close friend for more than 20 years.
Are you aware of Deputy Chief Lee's murder case?
Yes, I am.
I was the one who made Lee Jang Won's murder case...
into a suicide case.
Did you do it alone?
No.
I got orders from Seo Hyun Kyu who's sitting over there.
(Witness)
Seo Hyun Kyu wanted to take the evidence of his crime...
that Lee Jang Won had.
He ordered someone to kill him and fabricate the case.
Then he told me to sort out the case.
What do you mean by the evidence of his crime?
It's an MP3 player that Deputy Chief Lee had.
It has a video of the defendant murdering someone.
Your Honor, his statements are unconfirmed.
Sustained.
Mr. Kim, please speak carefully.
(Witness)
Mr. Kim.
(Witness)
You and I...
had a conversation regarding Lee Jang Won's case.
Do you remember how it went?
(Witness)
I do.
Did I...
explicitly order you to fabricate his death...
as a suicide?
We lost a good man.
Deputy Chief Lee Jang Won, I mean.
I saw on the news that they're leaning toward suicide.
Is that what actually happened?
If it's not a question you can answer lightly,
I will rephrase the question.
Have I ever...
ordered you...
to frame anyone or fabricate a criminal case?
You never gave explicit orders,
but that much was implied.
When did the court become a place that indulged in speculations?
There aren't any recordings or videos,
and your testimony lacks credibility.
You acted on your own accord to prove your loyalty,
but now you're blaming it all on me.
(Witness)
The defense rests, Your Honor.
- Did you hear that? - Is that true?
We will continue with the witnesses.
The prosecution may proceed.
(Prosecution)
You are currently being held in detention...
having been charged with the murder of Lee Jang Won...
and the attempted murder of Jin Jung.
Is that true?
Yes, it is.
During the investigation, you didn't disclose your motive.
Could you reveal it here in court?
Seo Hyun Kyu will soon be on trial.
Cooperating with us...
is how you can lessen the sentence you will receive.
Even with my testimony,
you won't be able to bring him down.
Have you already forgotten...
which prosecutor will be heading this case?
Deputy Chief Lee Jang Won...
and Prosecutor Jin Jung.
I was ordered to kill them both.
The order came from Seo Hyun Kyu.
That is all.
Ms. Tae, do you do drugs?
Your posts on social media...
hints at it.
Your Honor, his line of questioning...
is not pertinent to this case.
It is to verify the credibility of this witness.
Overruled, Ms. Shin.
The defendant may continue.
I'll ask again.
Have you purchased drugs from a drug dealer before?
Yes, I have.
But that...
The entry in a ledger that verifies...
her purchase of drugs...
and the messages that were exchanged on social media.
I submit both as evidence.
- What? - Are you kidding me?
Defendant,
do you recognize this place?
I do.
It is where you have been storing the case files...
of the crimes and scandals you have covered up.
It is referred to as the archive.
Is that true?
Absolutely not.
The case names written on these folders.
Didn't you represent the defendants?
Yes, I represented them.
These scandals shook the nation.
The humidifier sanitizer...
that caused the death of hundreds of people.
(Judges)
Do you remember Cho Byung Soo, the defendant in that case?
I'm afraid it happened too long ago.
He was the head of research at the company,
and this proves he received a six-figure payout.
In return, he was charged with the crime...
instead of the real culprit at fault.
He states it in this handwritten document.
Defendant,
weren't you the one who had him write this under duress?
Of course not.
Why were you in possession of such documents, then?
And why did you move your files elsewhere...
on the day the prosecution served a search and seizure warrant?
It is all a coincidence.
I only wanted to clear the storage of old case files,
and I had no knowledge of the warrant being served.
Also, I was not aware of the contents of those files.
Wasn't this a private facility of yours?
How could it have been storing files you had no knowledge about?
Having a career as a lawyer comes with...
its fair share of enemies.
Someone who has a vendetta against me...
must've wanted to bring me trouble.
That's what I think happened.
You and I met at your archive.
I do not recall.
That is where you aimed your gun at me.
Oh Do Hwan, a lawyer at Law Firm Kangsan,
was also present.
You ordered Secretary Kang Shin Jo to kill us.
Do you admit it?
This is a groundless claim,
and I refuse to answer your question.
You murdered Prosecutor Park Jae Kyung.
Was it over the MP3 device?
Prosecutor, you have been warned.
Because what was on it had to stay buried?
Because no one could know you're a psychopathic killer.
Is that why you murdered him?
Prosecutor, I remind you that you're in court.
Watch your words.
Prosecutor, let go of the mic and step back.
This is your last chance.
Speak the truth.
You little brat.
Why do you think you can badger me like this?
I warned you. Head back to your seat.
You'll never get the best of me.
Haven't you run out of witnesses?
What if I had one more witness?
Oh Do Hwan?
I call a witness to the stand, Your Honor.
He is a key witness who will shed a light on this case.
Do you agree to this witness?
I do.
All right.
Who is your witness?
Prosecutor Park Jae Kyung of the Seoul Central Office.
I request that he take the witness stand.
It's like I said.
Many surprises still remain.
We're done.
(Oh Do Hwan)
Hello?
Who did this?
I called an ambulance.
I asked who did this, you jerk!
Seo Hyun Kyu.
What?
Mister.
Gosh.
What happened?
I practically dragged you back from the brink of death.
Everyone thinks you're dead.
No one including Seo Hyun Kyu knows that you're alive.
Seo Hyun Kyu doesn't know either?
No.
- Jung. - Yes.
You should...
pay Kim Tae Ho a visit.
Go and tell him that I'm dead.
If he thinks I'm dead too,
it will affect him.
Seo Hyun Kyu's vulnerability Kim Tae Ho knows.
And me.
We'll use these two...
and bring down Seo Hyun Kyu.
"Witness oath."
"I, Park Jae Kyung,"
"solemnly swear that I will tell the truth,"
"the whole truth, and nothing but the truth..."
"under the pains and penalties of perjury."
(Witness)
You may question the witness.
(Prosecution)
I'll cut to the chase.
Did anyone in this room try to kill you?
Yes. There is.
It's Mr. Seo Hyun Kyu who's sitting over there.
Mr. Seo Hyun Kyu killed my family.
As if that wasn't enough, he tried to murder me too,
so he could cover up his crimes.
A trial is considered a process to reveal the truth in a case.
And a witness' testimony in court is important fact-finding evidence.
As for the credibility of Prosecutor Park Jae Kyung,
his position must be enough to ensure him a credible witness.
Please note that all the testimonies delivered by the witnesses...
have been coherent and logically sensible.
Defendant. Do you wish to speak regarding what he just said?
The witness' testimony...
hasn't been proven credible.
I would like to submit evidence to support Prosecutor Park's claim.
(Judges)
I can't find your submission on the evidence list.
What kind of evidence is this?
- Bury him for good now. - You bet.
I would like to submit the weapon...
the defendant used to attack the victim.
Knowing Seo Hyun Kyu, he will try to take this from me.
Can you hold onto this?
Until I make him stand trial.
He will be more suspicious if he finds out you don't have it.
It's an easy item to replace.
It cost me a total of 9,700 won.
I haven't agreed to this evidence submission.
I can't allow it.
You're the one who brought up his credibility.
You can't allow him to submit that evidence. That's fake.
This prosecutor is using fabricated evidence...
to insult our sacred legal system.
What makes you say that it's fabricated?
Did you try to destroy the evidence or something?
No, I didn't.
I'll submit another piece of evidence.
The defendant's fingerprints and the witness' blood...
were found on the weapon at the same time.
I will attach an analysis report from the NFS.
What do you have to say to that now?
I...
I would like...
to request to recuse this case as of this moment.
You're allowing evidence and witnesses I didn't agree to.
I'm afraid that I will not get a fair trial.
I would like to stop the trial immediately...
That's enough!
The defendant isn't a lawyer.
He used the law to cover up the crimes of people in power.
And in return, he satisfied his greed and received money.
He's a mere criminal.
The defendant brutally took the lives of people...
who stood in his way no matter who they were.
He used his position as a lawyer and committed crimes.
And he used the law to cover up those crimes.
By helping people evade punishment,
he solidified his influence.
Clause 1, Article 11 of the Constitution states...
the law is fair to everyone.
No one is allowed to exploit the law.
Regardless of your status or power,
no one is above the law.
When one exception is made,
the law will lose its purpose behind its existence.
The law exists to protect the people.
It can't be exploited for personal gains.
As I remind the court of this,
I demand the court to sentence the defendant.
The defendant fabricated countless cases...
and abused the judicial branch.
And he committed heinous crimes such as murder...
and conspiracy to murder.
He's been telling us only lies...
and fallacious arguments throughout the trial.
He's showing no sign of repentance.
And considering the victim...
and the bereaved family demand that he be punished severely,
the prosecution asks to sentence the defendant...
to the fullest extent permitted by law, the death sentence.
The CEO of Law Firm Kangsan, Seo Hyun Kyu, had a trial this afternoon.
The prosecution demanded that he...
be indicted to the full extent of the law, the death sentence.
Moreover, it was confirmed that his son, Seo Ji Han,
was the real culprit in the Seocho-dong murder case.
And this news has shocked the country.
The deep-rooted alliances in politics, finance, and judiciary...
have been exposed...
through this case and caused a stir.
The justice department will do a thorough review...
of all the cases the law firm handled...
and announced their intention to process retrials.
We will thoroughly investigate...
all the individuals who have any connections...
to Seo Hyun Kyu's archive.
The prosecution announced that they would thoroughly...
investigate Seo Hyun Kyu of Kangsan...
and anyone who was a part of this scandal.
I'm handing this in.
Give it to HR for me.
My job is done.
I'm sick of being a prosecutor.
Do you have to resign?
I should have resigned a long time ago.
My late wife...
nagged me to quit my job.
That took long enough.
(Civil Servant ID, Park Jae Kyung)
I'll drop by when I'm craving ramyeon.
Must I see you even after I resign?
Stop coming over. I'm sick of you.
This again? Don't be so harsh.
Let me give you a glass.
By the way, Jung.
Yes?
In Seo Hyun Kyu's archive...
Did you find anything else?
Like what?
I'm asking you just in case.
Something like a file about your father.
(Sunjin Daily, Reporter Jin Kang Woo)
(Destruction of Evidence Regarding the Humidifier Disinfectant Case)
(Written by Reporter Jin Kang Woo, Sunjin Daily)
(Sunjin Daily, assignment reporter, Jin Kang Woo)
(Investigation report)
(April 28, 2003, Gongdeok-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul)
(The hit-and-run accident was reported by a witness.)
(The murder case by a hit-and-run truck in Gongdeok-dong...)
(was concluded as below.)
Dad!
Anyone! Help!
My dad got into an accident.
Dad...
I always felt guilty.
I thought that happened because of me.
There wasn't anything.
My dad died in an accident.
Here. You've gone through a lot.
All right.
You did a great job.
(Law Firm Kang... Representative Lawyer Seo...)
(Jin Kang Woo)
Take this.
(Law Firm Kangsan, Representative Lawyer Seo Hyun Kyu)
I want to be just like you.
So you knew.
I told you I would be...
just like you.
As of today, I was transferred to the Civil Affairs Division.
I'm Jin Jung.
Welcome.
The name is Park Jae Kyung.
What does this mean?
It's my favorite quote.
"Evil..."
"can't' beat what's right."
"Immorality can't beat justice."
That's what it means.
"Immorality can't..."
I heard you were expelled from the lawyer rolls.
What are you going to do now?
I need to think about it...
while I go fishing.
Thank you.
Taking care of Mr. Park...
and everything.
I couldn't become a monster like him.
That's new.
You said, "Thank you."
Gosh, I'm hungry.
We're not catching anything.
Let's go and have some spicy seafood stew.
Maybe next time.
It still feels...
awkward with you.
So we do have something in common.
The next meal is on you.
I'm leaving now.
That was too much.
Why didn't you tell us that Mr. Park was still alive?
Gosh, I was so surprised.
I almost lost a baby.
Were you a woman?
Don't go too far. Okay?
I was just joking.
But I'm curious too.
You told me when everything was over.
Well...
You must've heard this.
"To fool the other,"
"try to fool yourself first."
Something like that.
You've done a great job, guys.
- Cheers. - Cheers.
Gosh, the beer tasted too sweet.
Don't touch that.
I barely managed to put that back together.
My goodness.
While I look at you,
I get mad.
Pardon?
I get mad because it's too peaceful in my heart.
I see.
Snowball, come.
Let's go. All right.
(One month later)
Hello.
- Hello. - Good morning.
- Hello and good morning. - Hi.
(Senior Prosecutor Shin A Ra)
All right. What a good morning it is.
What's all this?
What's going on?
Well, it's...
Over there.
(HR Announcement)
(Prosecutor Jin Jung, Civil Affairs Division)
What?
(Prosecutor Jin Jung, Civil Affairs Division)
Are you kidding me?
What on earth is going on?
You're here.
Why are you here?
You too, A Ra?
It's Senior Prosecutor Shin.
- What on earth? - You're here.
You told me you were retiring.
That I did,
but I got bored.
What?
The month was cashed in as backed-up vacation days.
Your desk is the same, so sit.
But I just got reinstated to the Criminal Division.
You will still get to investigate cases.
Run wild like you always have.
The order came from above.
They want you on this particular case.
Me?
(Daeshin Group Chairman Park: Stock Manipulation)
From what I hear, conventional methods won't cut it.
Anyway, build a case as you see fit.
Is that why I was transferred here?
We're more open to rule-bending than the Criminal Division.
You already have your team, so have some fun.
Just don't get caught.
The pad works miracles.
- Have you heard of germanium? - Of course.
- Right? - Yes.
This jade pad works miracles...
I really shouldn't be selling these at this price.
- Goodness. - How much is it?
Because I'm concerned about your health,
I'll give it to you practically for free at 99,000 won.
- I'll take three. - Three?
Get one for each of them...
and don't forget to collect the money.
One for the gentleman over here.
- Jin Cheol, nice shot. - Nice shot, Jin Cheol.
Jin Cheol, rumor has it...
that you used to be a major player in Gangnam.
That I was.
Back in the day, the name "Yu Jin Cheol"...
could make anything happen.
Then how come you're now...
I apologize, sir!
There was this prosecutor.
A nutjob who carried around a wooden sword.
Good shot!
And he sounded just like that.
I like it here, Jin Cheol. Especially the modern setup.
It's nice.
Maybe I should've gotten into golf. Watch this.
See? Do you see that?
How have you been?
Your skin's back to glowing again.
You should've lived a quiet life...
while out on probation.
Instead, you've been ripping off the elderly.
Have you been stalking me?
Why are you always on my tail?
As if I'd ever follow you around.
You just happened to be in my path.
Anyway, let me kick some sense into you again.
Apparently, violence is what you only answer to.
Do you know what your biggest flaw is?
It's that you think of me as some back alley thug.
Boys!
Impressed, are you?
You really are a piece of work.
Have I interrupted a picnic?
I knew we'd someday cross paths like this again.
I've been hiring men for this exact occasion.
Today is...
the day you die.
Fine. If you're done talking, let us begin.
Just a second. Hold it.
- Yes, A Ra? - Jung!
Where on earth are you?
I heard you went to arrest Yu Jin Cheol.
Answering the question yourself leaves me with nothing to say.
What the... Should we wait?
Return to the office immediately.
A Ra, please.
I'm a senior prosecutor now.
It's Senior Prosecutor Shin!
Fine. Senior Prosecutor A Ra. How's that?
Anyway, Jin Cheol's a scumbag.
How can I leave him be when he's out swindling the elderly?
I never told you to let him go.
The police are on their way, so get back here immediately.
"But I'm Jin Jung."
Don't give me that and get back to the office right now.
If you don't, I'll keep you stuck in the Civil Affairs Division...
Hello?
Jung?
Prosecutor Jin?
- Unbelievable. - Boys, time is of the essence.
You're the only one I'm coming after.
Get him, boys. Go!
Just you.
All right. Bring it on.
- Don't come any closer. - Get him!
Get him with one blow. Make it count.
Stay right there, you punk.
- As if I would. - What the...
Hold on. Guys, stop him.
- Hey! - What...
- Get over here. - Get him, boys!
You! Darn it.
- Get over here. - Hold on.
Let's talk this out.
Don't be like that.
(Bad Prosecutor)
Ripped and resynced by YoungJedi
(Bad Prosecutor)
How did it go?
You have been told to stay put.
Until when?
Until Prosecutor Jin has been dealt with.
Tell Chairman Park this.
He should get me out of here, not annoy me!
The chairman also said this.
"You are to stay quiet..."
"should you not want to retire."
(Thank you for supporting and watching BAD PROSECUTOR.)
(Subtitles are provided by KOCOWA.)